Caracterisiticas del entrenamiento de fuerza en la rehabilitación oncologica en el cáncer de mama: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11565/arsmed.v50i2.2082Palabras clave:
cáncer de mama, calidad de vida, ejercicios físicos, terapia del cáncer, entrenamiento de resistenciaResumen
Introducción: El cáncer de mama es una de las enfermedades más comunes entre las mujeres a nivel mundial. La rehabilitación postoperatoria es crucial para la recuperación física y emocional de las pacientes, y el ejercicio de fuerza ha emergido como una intervención prometedora para mejorar la calidad de vida y la funcionalidad física. Objetivos: Analizar parámetros de dosificación del entrenamiento de fuerza en la rehabilitación de pacientes y sobreviviente de cáncer de mama. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library y Embase. Utilizando términos específicos y criterios de inclusión predefinidos para identificar estudios pertinentes entre los años 2018 y 2024. Resultados: Los resultados de 11 estudios sobre entrenamiento de fuerza en 1.337 mujeres sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama (edad promedio de 54,14 años) muestran beneficios significativos para la salud y el bienestar, incluyendo mejoras en la fuerza muscular (p<0,001), la calidad. de vida (p<0,001), así como reducciones en la fatiga (p<0,001) y la depresión (p<0,001). Conclusión: El ejercicio de fuerza es seguro y beneficioso para las pacientes con cáncer de mama, mejorando su calidad de vida y niveles de energía, y mitigando los efectos secundarios del tratamiento. Se recomienda realizar 2 a 3 sesiones semanales de 30 a 60 minutos, con adaptaciones individuales para maximizar los beneficios.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Eduardo Cruza- Bravo , Mauricio Tauda-Tauda , Yoselyn Yudith Reyes-Sánchez, Felipe Suárez-Rojas, Raúl Alarcón Arredondeo
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